Amprius Strategy and Business Model

Executive Overview

Amprius is an advanced battery company focused on lithium-ion cells that use proprietary silicon-anode technology to deliver very high energy density for weight-sensitive mobility applications. Founded in 2008 to commercialize research originating at Stanford University and headquartered in Fremont, California, Amprius sits at the intersection of battery materials, electrified mobility, aerospace, and defense. Its best near-term fit is not commodity passenger electric vehicles, but premium applications such as high-altitude platform stations, unmanned aerial systems, aviation, defense, and certain light electric vehicles where lower battery weight can directly improve range, endurance, or payload. The company’s strategy is to win first in these performance-critical niches, broaden its offering from flagship ultra-high-energy cells to more cost-balanced products, and scale output through a mix of in-house production, contract manufacturing, and a planned larger U.S. factory. Amprius primarily sells to original equipment manufacturers and system integrators that must qualify cells technically before meaningful production orders begin. In FY2024, Amprius reported revenue of #N/A, still modest relative to incumbent battery manufacturers and to its longer-term manufacturing ambitions.

Amprius at a Glance

Logo
Common name	Amprius
Full legal name	Amprius Technologies, Inc.
Headquarters	Fremont, California, United States
Ownership	Public company; no controlling shareholder structure is publicly highlighted in its standard investor materials
Ticker	AMPX
Exchange	NYSE - New York Stock Exchange
Market Cap	$2.05B
Revenue (FY2024)	#N/A
Founding / major historical milestones	Founded in 2008; commercialized silicon-anode battery research from Stanford University; became publicly listed in 2022 through a business combination with Kensington Capital Acquisition Corp. IV; in 2024 announced a planned large-scale manufacturing expansion in Colorado
Industry or industries	Advanced batteries; lithium-ion battery technology; electrified mobility; aerospace and defense energy storage
Key products or services	Silicon-anode lithium-ion pouch and cylindrical cells; high-energy battery platforms for aviation, unmanned systems, defense, and light electric mobility; customer qualification and application support
Geographic footprint	U.S.-based headquarters, research, and pilot manufacturing; global customer base; publicly discussed contract manufacturing relationships in Asia; planned manufacturing expansion in Colorado
Business segments as officially reported	One operating and reportable segment
Company website	https://amprius.com/

1. What Is the Strategy of Amprius?

Amprius’s public strategy is easiest to understand as a staged commercialization plan: prove technical superiority in niches where battery weight matters most, convert that performance lead into repeat production programs, and then scale manufacturing so the company can address larger mobility markets over time.

1. 1a. What is the winning aspiration of Amprius?

   Amprius’s winning aspiration appears to be to become the preferred battery supplier for mobility applications where energy density materially changes the mission. In public materials, the company emphasizes commercially available silicon-anode cells with company-stated performance reaching up to roughly 450 watt-hours per kilogram and 1,150 watt-hours per liter on flagship products. Winning for Amprius is therefore not just inventing a better chemistry; it is turning that chemistry into qualified, repeatable, commercial production and expanding from specialty programs into much larger electrification opportunities.

   Its manufacturing roadmap reinforces that aspiration. Management has described a path from pilot and qualification capacity toward large-scale output through contract manufacturing and a planned Colorado facility, with an initial phase measured in hundreds of megawatt-hours and expansion potential into gigawatt-hours. Those are targets, not accomplished capacity today.

2. 1b. Where does Amprius play?

   Amprius is not trying to compete everywhere in batteries all at once. Its disclosed focus has been on high-value mobility markets where a lighter, higher-energy cell can command a premium: aviation, electric vertical takeoff and landing aircraft, high-altitude platform stations, unmanned aerial systems, defense applications, and certain light electric vehicles. These segments are more attractive for an early-stage battery manufacturer than mainstream automotive because buyers care intensely about endurance and payload and are more willing to pay for differentiated cell performance.

   Geographically, the company plays from a U.S. base but sells into global mobility programs. Channel-wise, it plays mainly through direct relationships with original equipment manufacturers, system integrators, and technically sophisticated buyers rather than through retail or mass distribution.

3. 1c. How does Amprius plan to win?

   Amprius plans to win through technical differentiation first, not cost leadership. Its core claim is that its silicon-anode platform can provide more energy in less weight and volume than conventional lithium-ion alternatives. In the applications it targets, that can translate into longer flight times, longer range, more payload, or smaller battery packs.

   The second part of the recipe is portfolio broadening. Amprius has positioned its flagship ultra-high-energy offerings as a beachhead, while also introducing product platforms intended to offer a more balanced tradeoff among energy density, power, cycle life, and cost for broader mobility use cases. The third element is industrialization: using a combination of internal production know-how and external manufacturing partners to move faster than a fully self-built capacity model would allow.

4. 1d. What capabilities must Amprius have in place?

   To execute this strategy, Amprius needs several specific capabilities. The first is deep electrochemistry and materials-science expertise around silicon-anode design, cell architecture, safety, and cycle-life optimization. The second is process transfer: it must be able to move from a pilot environment to externally manufactured, production-representative cells without losing performance or quality.

   Other required capabilities include rigorous qualification support for aerospace and defense customers, supply-chain management for specialized battery materials and equipment, manufacturing yield improvement, and application engineering that helps customers design Amprius cells into complete battery systems. These are not generic battery-company requirements; they are especially important because Amprius is commercializing a differentiated technology rather than selling a commodity cell.

5. 1e. What management systems does Amprius require?

   Amprius needs management systems that tie technology development tightly to manufacturability and customer qualification. In practice, that means formal stage gates from prototype to sample to qualified production, yield and scrap tracking, reliability testing, supplier qualification, and program management for customer design-ins. Because the company operates in regulated and safety-critical end markets, quality systems and traceability matter as much as laboratory performance.

   It also requires capital-allocation discipline. As of FY2024, Amprius was still scaling rather than harvesting cash, so management systems around liquidity, capex sequencing, partner selection, and non-dilutive funding are strategically important. For a company at this stage, strategy execution depends as much on ramp discipline as on chemistry performance.

2. What Are the Current Strategic Initiatives of Amprius?

• Scaling manufacturing beyond the Fremont base. Amprius has publicly described a multi-pronged capacity strategy: maintain internal production and process know-how in Fremont, use contract manufacturing to accelerate output and provide production-representative cells, and develop a planned larger U.S. facility in Brighton, Colorado. Management has described an initial Colorado phase in the hundreds of megawatt-hours, with longer-term expansion potential beyond that.

• Expanding the product portfolio beyond the flagship highest-energy cells. The company has introduced the SiCore platform to complement its ultra-high-energy products. This matters strategically because it lets Amprius address a broader set of applications where customers still value silicon-anode benefits but need a more balanced tradeoff among energy density, power, cycle life, and cost.

• Converting evaluations into repeat production programs. In advanced batteries, customer sampling is necessary but not sufficient. Amprius’s near-term commercial focus is on moving customers from testing and qualification to regular-volume orders, especially in aviation, high-altitude platforms, unmanned systems, defense, and light electric mobility.

• Improving manufacturability, yield, and cost. Public commentary around scale-up makes clear that Amprius is not treating battery performance as the only problem. Yield improvement, production consistency, scrap reduction, and process reproducibility are essential if the company is to move from niche shipments to larger industrial volumes.

• Strengthening the U.S. manufacturing and policy position. The planned Colorado build-out is not just a capacity project. It also aligns Amprius with domestic battery industrial policy, customer interest in U.S.-based supply, and potential state or federal support mechanisms. For defense and aerospace buyers in particular, domestic production can be strategically valuable.

• Broadening addressable mobility markets over time. Amprius’s public messaging suggests a sequencing logic: start where performance economics are favorable, then move toward larger markets as scale and cost improve. That is especially relevant for electric aviation and other emerging mobility categories that need better cells before they can scale commercially.

3. What Is the Business Model of Amprius?

Amprius’s business model is centered on selling high-performance battery cells, not operating a consumer battery brand and not running a software-like subscription model. Customers buy qualified cells with specific performance characteristics that fit demanding mobility applications. In some cases, they also buy engineering samples and qualification support on the path to larger production orders.

• What customers actually buy: Customers buy battery cells with defined energy density, power, form factor, safety, and reliability characteristics. In practical terms, they are buying mission performance: more endurance, more payload, faster charging, or less weight.

• Recurring or repeat-driven versus one-time: The model is not contractually recurring in the way software revenue is, but it can become repeat-driven after qualification. Early sample sales may be small and one-time. Once a cell is designed into a platform, reorder patterns can become programmatic over the life of the customer’s product.

• How pricing power works: Amprius appears to have the strongest pricing power in applications where performance is mission-critical and cell cost is a smaller part of the customer’s total economics. That is why aviation, high-altitude systems, defense, and specialty mobility matter. In broader EV markets, pricing power would likely be lower unless Amprius can prove both performance and cost competitiveness at scale.

• Why the business mix matters: Premium niche applications can support higher average selling prices and validate the technology, but they do not by themselves create the volume economics of mainstream mobility. A mix shift toward broader-use products may expand revenue opportunities while also putting more pressure on cost and manufacturing scale.

• What drives gross margin, operating margin, and cash generation: Gross margin depends heavily on manufacturing yield, scrap rates, line utilization, product mix, outsourced production economics, and how much cost is still tied to low-volume ramps. Operating margin is further affected by ongoing research and development spending and public-company overhead. Cash generation depends on working capital, inventory builds, qualification timing, and capital spending for scale-up.

• Revenue model: Amprius is primarily a product-sales company. Revenue appears to come mainly from battery-cell shipments and associated commercialization activity rather than subscriptions, rentals, or usage fees.

4. What Products and/or Services Does Amprius Sell?

Amprius sells high-energy lithium-ion battery cells built on its silicon-anode technology platform. The company’s product lineup is designed around applications where weight and volume are critical constraints.

• SiMaxx high-energy cells: These are Amprius’s flagship offerings and the products most associated with the company’s technical differentiation. Public materials emphasize very high gravimetric and volumetric energy density, which makes these cells especially relevant for aviation, high-altitude platforms, and other endurance-sensitive applications.

• SiCore cells: This newer platform is strategically important because it broadens the addressable market. Rather than optimizing only for maximum energy density, SiCore is intended to provide a more balanced performance profile that can fit a wider set of electric mobility use cases.

• Pouch and cylindrical form factors: Amprius has discussed both pouch cells and cylindrical cells. That matters because form factor affects which customers can adopt the product and how easily it can be integrated into existing system architectures.

• Application and qualification support: Although Amprius is primarily a cell company, commercialization in this industry usually requires close engineering engagement with customers. That support function is strategically important even if it is not the core revenue line.

Today, the company’s flagship high-energy cells appear to carry the greatest strategic importance because they establish performance credibility. Over time, newer product families aimed at broader mobility markets may matter more for revenue scale if Amprius can industrialize them successfully.

5. What Are the Key Competitors or Peers of Amprius?

Amprius’s competitive set is layered. In near-term commercial niches, it competes with specialty battery suppliers and incumbent lithium-ion manufacturers. In technology positioning, it is also compared with other next-generation battery developers pursuing silicon-rich or other high-energy chemistries.

The important strategic point is that Amprius is not yet competing primarily on mainstream automotive volume. Its nearer-term competition is strongest in specialty and performance-driven use cases, while its longer-term competition broadens to global battery incumbents if it enters larger categories.

6. What Is the Marketing Strategy of Amprius?

Amprius’s marketing strategy appears to be engineering-led and credibility-driven rather than brand-led in a consumer sense. Its buyers are technical teams, program managers, procurement leaders, and executives at mobility companies who need proof that a cell can improve system-level performance. That means product data, validation results, and reference programs matter far more than broad awareness campaigns.

In practice, the company’s marketing is likely built around several pillars: technical product launches, trade-show and industry-event presence, investor and customer communications, direct engagement with emerging mobility ecosystems, and public emphasis on measurable performance metrics. For a company like Amprius, marketing is a supporting capability for sales and qualification, not the main source of competitive advantage.

Brand still matters, but mostly as shorthand for trust in performance. A battery startup selling into aviation or defense does not win because it is well known; it wins because engineers believe the claimed energy density, safety profile, and manufacturability are real.

7. What Are the Key Customer Segments of Amprius?

• Aviation and electric aircraft developers: This includes fixed-wing aviation, electric vertical takeoff and landing programs, and other aircraft platforms where battery weight is a core design constraint.

• High-altitude platform and unmanned aerial systems customers: Endurance is especially valuable in high-altitude and unmanned systems, making these segments a logical fit for Amprius’s high-energy cells.

• Defense customers and defense contractors: Defense applications can value energy density, ruggedness, domestic sourcing, and mission-specific performance over lowest cost.

• Light electric mobility manufacturers: This category can include light electric vehicles, specialty mobility platforms, and other applications where better cells can improve range or reduce weight.

• Battery-system integrators and advanced OEMs: In some cases, the direct buyer may not be the final branded manufacturer but a systems company integrating cells into larger battery packs or platforms.

Amprius appears more diversified by application type than by sheer number of large mature programs. As an early-commercialization company, it likely still has meaningful customer concentration risk, which is common for emerging battery suppliers.

8. What Is the Sales Model of Amprius?

Amprius appears to use a direct, technical enterprise-sales model. It is not a retail brand and not primarily a distributor-led business. The company sells through engineering-heavy commercial engagement with original equipment manufacturers, integrators, and program teams.

1. Target account development: Amprius identifies applications where its performance advantage is meaningful enough to justify customer switching costs.

2. Sampling and evaluation: Prospective customers test cells for energy density, safety, charging behavior, cycle life, and compatibility with their systems.

3. Qualification and design-in: This is the critical step. Revenue may remain modest until the customer formally qualifies the cell for use in a commercial or government platform.

4. Production shipments and support: Once qualified, Amprius can move into repeat orders, typically with continued technical and quality support.

This channel structure creates strong customer intimacy and a chance for premium pricing, but it also lengthens the sales cycle. For consultants, that matters because growth is not just a marketing problem; it is a program-conversion and qualification-management problem.

9. In What Geographies Does Amprius Operate?

Amprius’s operational footprint is still relatively concentrated compared with large battery manufacturers, but its commercial reach is broader.

• United States: Fremont, California is the company’s headquarters and a key center for research, development, pilot manufacturing, and commercialization activity. The company also announced Brighton, Colorado as the site for a planned larger manufacturing expansion.

• Asia: Amprius has publicly discussed using contract manufacturing partners in Asia as part of its scale-up approach. That is strategically important because it can provide faster access to industrial capacity than relying only on self-built production.

• Global customer markets: The company serves mobility and aerospace customers that are inherently international. Its likely commercial footprint therefore extends across North America, Europe, and parts of Asia even if its owned manufacturing footprint remains U.S.-centric.

The key geographic pattern is that Amprius is physically concentrated but commercially global. That can be an advantage early on because it keeps the core organization focused, but it also means manufacturing scale and local customer support will become more important if the company grows into larger programs.

10. Who Are the Owners of Amprius?

Amprius is a publicly traded company on the NYSE under the ticker AMPX. Ownership appears dispersed among public-market investors, insiders, and legacy pre-public holders rather than concentrated in a single controlling owner. Founder and Chief Executive Officer Dr. Kang Sun has been a notable insider shareholder in company filings. Based on standard public-company disclosures, Amprius does not appear to have a majority controlling shareholder or a dual-class voting structure that concentrates control.

11. How Is Amprius Organized?

As of FY2024, Amprius reported one operating and reportable segment. That is important because it means the company is still managed as a relatively integrated business rather than as a portfolio of separate divisions.

Practically, the organization appears to be built around a few core functions:

• Research and development: materials science, cell design, testing, and product improvement.

• Operations and manufacturing: pilot-line production, process engineering, quality, and manufacturing transfer.

• Commercial and application support: customer engagement, technical sales, qualification management, and business development by end market.

• Corporate functions: finance, legal, investor relations, supply chain, and public-company governance.

That structure fits a company moving from development toward scale. It is still centralized enough to preserve tight control over the technology, but it is beginning to add the industrial and commercial processes needed for larger production programs.

12. How Does Amprius Operate?

Amprius operates as a technology-led battery manufacturer with a commercialization process that is more complex than simply making and shipping cells. Its day-to-day operating model combines product development, controlled manufacturing, customer qualification, and scale-up transfer.

1. Design and development: The company develops cell chemistries, architectures, and form factors around its silicon-anode platform.

2. Material sourcing and process preparation: It procures specialized battery inputs and production equipment, then tunes manufacturing parameters to preserve performance and yield.

3. Pilot and qualification production: Internal production supports process learning, customer sampling, and qualification activity.

4. Testing and validation: Cells undergo extensive performance, safety, and reliability testing. For aerospace and defense applications, this step is strategically critical.

5. Customer integration support: Amprius works with customers to help integrate cells into packs, aircraft, drones, or other mobility systems.

6. Manufacturing scale-up: The company then has to replicate validated performance through external partners and, over time, planned larger-scale internal manufacturing.

The main operational challenge is that cell performance in a lab or pilot environment is not enough. Amprius has to prove repeatability at production scale while meeting customer qualification requirements and managing the cost structure of a still-ramping manufacturer.

13. What Are the Growth Opportunities for Amprius?

Amprius has several plausible growth paths, though all of them depend on successful scale-up and customer conversion.

• Deeper penetration of aviation and unmanned systems: These are natural near-term markets because the value of higher energy density is easy to explain in system-level terms.

• Defense and government programs: U.S.-based supply, energy density, and mission endurance can make defense an attractive growth channel if Amprius secures qualifications and program placements.

• Broader electric mobility through SiCore and additional form factors: A more balanced product platform can expand the addressable market beyond the most premium niches.

• Manufacturing scale-up via partners and the planned Colorado facility: Revenue opportunity is constrained as much by supply as by demand. More qualified capacity could unlock larger customer programs.

• Strategic partnerships: Collaborations with integrators, aerospace companies, defense primes, or manufacturing partners could accelerate commercialization.

• Domestic battery policy tailwinds: If U.S. industrial policy continues to favor local battery manufacturing, Amprius may benefit through customer preference, incentives, or grant support.

Main constraints are equally clear: long customer qualification cycles, manufacturing yield risk, capital intensity, competition from larger incumbent cell makers, and the need to balance performance with cost and cycle life as the company moves into broader markets.

14. What Is the History of Amprius?

Amprius was founded in 2008 to commercialize silicon-anode battery technology developed from research at Stanford University. The company’s early identity was that of a deep-technology battery innovator working on a chemistry and architecture that could materially improve energy density versus conventional lithium-ion cells.

Over time, Amprius moved from research and prototype work into pilot manufacturing and commercial validation. One of the most visible proofs of concept for the company has been in very high-endurance aerospace applications, which helped establish that the technology could matter in real missions, not just in laboratory benchmarks.

In 2022, Amprius became a public company through a business combination with Kensington Capital Acquisition Corp. IV, giving it access to public capital markets to support commercialization and scale-up. In 2024, the company expanded its public manufacturing roadmap by announcing Brighton, Colorado as the location for a planned large-scale factory. The broader arc of Amprius’s history is a transition from university-rooted battery innovation to an industrialization story.

15. What Are the Key Suppliers to Amprius?

Suppliers are strategically important to Amprius because battery performance depends not only on chemistry design but also on the consistency of specialized inputs and manufacturing equipment.

• Battery materials suppliers: Critical categories include silicon-related anode inputs, cathode materials, electrolyte, separators, current collectors, and cell packaging materials.

• Equipment suppliers: Formation, coating, calendaring, assembly, and testing equipment matter because process control is central to yield and repeatability.

• Contract manufacturing partners: These are not suppliers in the narrow raw-material sense, but they are essential operating partners in Amprius’s scale-up model.

• Testing, logistics, and specialty service providers: Hazardous-material handling, quality assurance, and certification-related support can also be important.

Amprius does not foreground a long list of named suppliers in standard public materials, which is common in this industry. What matters strategically is that supplier qualification, material consistency, and access to scale-capable manufacturing partners can directly affect yield, timelines, and customer confidence.

16. How Does the Supply Chain of Amprius Function?

Amprius’s supply chain is more specialized than that of a commodity battery assembler. It begins with advanced material inputs and extends through controlled manufacturing, testing, and delivery into technically demanding customer programs.

At a high level, the supply chain works as follows:

1. Source specialized battery materials and production inputs.

2. Manufacture or coordinate cell production through internal lines and external manufacturing relationships.

3. Run formation, testing, and quality validation to ensure performance and safety.

4. Ship cells under hazardous-material and regulatory requirements.

5. Support customers through qualification, design-in, and production replenishment.

Supply-chain reliability matters because Amprius’s customers often operate in programs where delays can disrupt engineering schedules, certification timelines, or platform launches. Flexibility also matters: the company needs a supply chain that can support small technical batches today while scaling toward much larger production later.

17. What Are the Key Assets of Amprius?

Amprius is not asset-light in the way a software company is, but its most important assets are a mix of intellectual property, process know-how, and manufacturing capability rather than a giant installed factory base.

• Silicon-anode intellectual property and know-how: This is the core strategic asset. It is what differentiates Amprius from commodity cell suppliers.

• Fremont research and pilot-manufacturing infrastructure: This facility matters because it supports development, process learning, and customer qualification.

• Manufacturing transfer capability: The ability to replicate cell performance across partners and future owned plants is an operational asset, even if it is less visible than a physical factory.

• Customer qualification data and design-ins: In this industry, validated performance with real customers is a strategic asset because it is hard to replicate quickly.

• Planned Colorado site and expansion pathway: Although future capacity should not be treated as complete until built and qualified, the site selection and development plan are important strategic assets.

Asset intensity is likely to rise as Amprius builds larger-scale manufacturing. That can increase barriers to entry and operating leverage, but it also raises execution and financing demands.

18. What Is the Technology Strategy of Amprius?

Amprius’s technology strategy is to turn its silicon-anode advantage into a family of commercially manufacturable products rather than a single showcase cell. The company is trying to preserve a clear performance edge while making the technology manufacturable across multiple form factors and end markets.

There are two layers to that strategy:

• Technology as customer value: The product itself is the technology. Higher energy density, reduced weight, and improved mission endurance are the commercial pitch.

• Technology as internal enabler: Process engineering, quality systems, and manufacturing transfer are equally important because they determine whether Amprius can scale without losing performance.

The launch of a broader platform such as SiCore suggests that Amprius is moving from a single-point technology story toward a portfolio strategy. That is usually a necessary step for any battery company that wants to expand beyond niche deployments.

19. What Is the R&D Strategy of Amprius?

Research and development is central to Amprius’s identity. The company’s R&D strategy appears to focus on improving cell performance while simultaneously making the chemistry more manufacturable and commercially relevant. For Amprius, R&D is not just basic science; it is applied industrialization.

• Materials and electrochemistry improvement: advancing silicon-anode performance, cycle life, safety, and charging behavior.

• Cell design and form-factor expansion: tailoring products for different use cases and integration requirements.

• Process engineering: refining the production process so that performance can be repeated at higher volume and lower cost.

• Qualification-oriented development: ensuring products meet the needs of demanding aerospace, defense, and mobility customers rather than optimizing only for laboratory benchmarks.

The strategic challenge in battery R&D is always balancing performance with durability, safety, manufacturability, and cost. Amprius’s public roadmap suggests that it understands this tradeoff and is working to broaden the technology accordingly.

20. What Is the Finance Strategy of Amprius?

Amprius’s finance strategy appears to be shaped by one core reality: it is a scaling industrial technology company, not yet a mature cash generator. That means the finance function has to preserve liquidity while funding research, customer qualification, working capital, and capacity expansion.

• Capital-light scale-up where possible: The use of contract manufacturing can reduce the near-term capital burden compared with building all capacity internally from day one.

• Selective investment in owned capacity: The planned Colorado facility indicates that Amprius still sees strategic value in a larger owned U.S. manufacturing base, but sequencing matters.

• Focus on non-dilutive support and incentives: For an emerging battery manufacturer, grants, tax incentives, and local support can materially improve project economics.

• Margin progression through scale and yield: Long-term economics depend less on headline revenue growth alone and more on whether Amprius can improve utilization, reduce scrap, and manufacture consistently.

• Working-capital discipline: Inventory, receivables, and production timing are especially important when customer programs ramp unevenly.

In short, finance strategy is tightly linked to operating strategy. The company needs enough capital to reach industrial scale, but it also needs to avoid building ahead of validated demand.

21. How Companies Like Amprius Leverage Independent Consultants through Umbrex

Amprius is tackling the kinds of issues that often require high-caliber strategic and operational help, but not always a full traditional consulting team. Umbrex has built a global community of more than 8,000 independent management consultants across more than 50 countries, including alumni of McKinsey, Bain, BCG, and other top firms. Companies like Amprius use Umbrex when they need that level of training and problem-solving skill in a targeted, flexible way across Strategy, Operations, Organization, Marketing, Sales, Finance, Technology, ERP, and AI.

• Manufacturing scale-up roadmap: design a decision-ready plan for how Fremont, contract manufacturing, and the planned Colorado facility should fit together over the next three to five years.

• Make-versus-buy analysis: assess which production steps should remain internal, which should be outsourced, and what capability Amprius must retain to protect quality and intellectual property.

• End-market prioritization: rank aviation, defense, unmanned systems, light mobility, and adjacent sectors by profitability, qualification complexity, and strategic fit.

• Pricing and portfolio strategy: build a clear segmentation and pricing architecture across flagship ultra-high-energy cells and broader platforms such as SiCore.

• Customer-conversion PMO: create a disciplined process for moving accounts from sample and evaluation stages to qualified repeat production programs.

• Procurement and supply-chain resilience program: map critical material and equipment dependencies, identify dual-sourcing options, and reduce supplier-concentration risk.

• Pilot-line operations excellence: improve throughput, yield, scrap rates, and quality-control workflows on internal manufacturing lines.

• Defense and aerospace go-to-market design: refine account coverage, channel relationships, and capture strategy for government and prime-contractor opportunities.

• Capital allocation and funding strategy: support the business case for Colorado, evaluate financing options, and frame incentive or grant applications.

• Battery data and AI roadmap: design analytics for test data, quality monitoring, predictive yield management, and faster root-cause analysis during scale-up.